Emulative detailing is defined as designing connection systems in a precast concrete structure so that its structural performance is equivalent to that of a conventionally designed, cast-in-place, monolithic concrete structure (Ericson and Warnes 1990).
Emulative detailing is different than jointed design where precast elements are separated from each other but are connected with special jointing details like welded or bolted plates. As commonly applied, the term “emulation” refers to the design of the vertical or horizontal elements of the lateral-force-resisting system of a building. Emulative detailing of precast concrete structures is applicable to any structural system where monolithic reinforced concrete would also be appropriate, regardless of seismic region (Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute 1999).
Design practice in some countries with a high seismic risk, such as New Zealand and Japan, follow design codes that address precast concrete designed by emulation of castinplace concrete design. Performance of joints and related details of emulative precast concrete structural concepts have been extensively tested in Japan. Because emulative precast concrete structures have been constructed there for over three decades, emulative methods for seismic design are widely accepted. Until recently, this practice has not been formally followed in the U.S.
Typical details showing proportional dimensions, as well as reinforcing steel, are schematic only and are provided solely to demonstrate the interactivity of the jointing essentials. All connection details will be subject to structural analysis and compliance with contemporary code requirements. At the time of this writing, splicing reinforcing bars by welding or lapping was not permitted by code whenever the bars were subjected to stresses beyond the actual yield points of the reinforcing steel being used. According to certain tests of mechanical splices reported by the California Department of Transportation (Noureddine, Richards, and Grottkau 1996), concern was expressed about staggering of mechanical splices of reinforcing bars. Staggering is not required by current and developing codes.
Only reinforcing bar details essential to make the illustration more understandable are shown to avoid congestion and provide clarity. Other reinforcing steel that would typically be incorporated into a conventional design is intentionally not shown. The specification and delineation of reinforcing bars or strand sizes and locations, layers, types, and numbers is the responsibility of the designer.
Learn more about Emulating Cast-in-Place Detailing in Precast Concrete Structures, you can download here
Emulative detailing is different than jointed design where precast elements are separated from each other but are connected with special jointing details like welded or bolted plates. As commonly applied, the term “emulation” refers to the design of the vertical or horizontal elements of the lateral-force-resisting system of a building. Emulative detailing of precast concrete structures is applicable to any structural system where monolithic reinforced concrete would also be appropriate, regardless of seismic region (Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute 1999).
Design practice in some countries with a high seismic risk, such as New Zealand and Japan, follow design codes that address precast concrete designed by emulation of castinplace concrete design. Performance of joints and related details of emulative precast concrete structural concepts have been extensively tested in Japan. Because emulative precast concrete structures have been constructed there for over three decades, emulative methods for seismic design are widely accepted. Until recently, this practice has not been formally followed in the U.S.
Typical details showing proportional dimensions, as well as reinforcing steel, are schematic only and are provided solely to demonstrate the interactivity of the jointing essentials. All connection details will be subject to structural analysis and compliance with contemporary code requirements. At the time of this writing, splicing reinforcing bars by welding or lapping was not permitted by code whenever the bars were subjected to stresses beyond the actual yield points of the reinforcing steel being used. According to certain tests of mechanical splices reported by the California Department of Transportation (Noureddine, Richards, and Grottkau 1996), concern was expressed about staggering of mechanical splices of reinforcing bars. Staggering is not required by current and developing codes.
Only reinforcing bar details essential to make the illustration more understandable are shown to avoid congestion and provide clarity. Other reinforcing steel that would typically be incorporated into a conventional design is intentionally not shown. The specification and delineation of reinforcing bars or strand sizes and locations, layers, types, and numbers is the responsibility of the designer.
Learn more about Emulating Cast-in-Place Detailing in Precast Concrete Structures, you can download here
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